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The Lincoln School of Art is the general name given to an educational institution devoted to the arts, based in the English city of Lincoln with its origins in the mid-nineteenth century. It has also been known as the Lincoln College of Art and the Lincolnshire College of Art & Design. Midway through that century, the then British Government's Department of Science and Art, based in South Kensington, began establishing a network of art schools as a means of promoting and aiding manufacturing.〔''Frank Bramley, RA 1857-1915'', (Usher Gallery/Lincolnshire County Council, Lincoln, 1999), p. 12〕 One of the oldest schools of its kind in Britain,〔Hooten, C. W.. 'Education in Lincoln', pp. 86-96, in ''Lincoln, Nineteen Hundred & Thirty Six'', (The Greg Publishing Company Limited, London, 1936), p. 95〕 the Lincoln School of Art became one of Britain's leading art schools, and was one of the first to introduce the teaching of the techniques derived from the French School of Impressionism. Many of its students went on to exhibit at the Paris Salon and the Royal Academy. Amongst its alumni are members of the Newlyn School and two Royal Academicians. It also popularised the art and crafts exhibitions in Lincolnshire that became important annual events in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.〔Hill, Sir Francis.. ''Victorian Lincoln'', (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1974), p. 303〕 ==Founding and early years== The Lincoln School of Art has its origins in the art school movement that followed the 1851 Great Exhibition. The School was founded as a private venture, with the support of the Department of Science and Art, on Monday 2 February 1863, in a single room on the Corn Exchange, Lincoln.〔'Lincoln School of Art and Design', ''Lincolnshire Chronicles'', 23 January 1863〕〔'The Lincoln School of Art', ''The Illustrated London News'', 26 November 1864〕 Its guiding light was John Somerville Gibney, a minor canon of Lincoln Cathedral, and its first headmaster was Edward R. Taylor, founder of Birmingham School of Art and inventor of Ruskin Pottery.〔Garland, A. 'Art and the Drama', pp. 110-119, in ''Lincoln, Nineteen Hundred & Thirty Six'', (The Greg Publishing Company Limited, London, 1936), p. 115〕 The courses on offer were arranged into three levels: Elementary, Advanced, and Special or Technical. These levels were divided into classes: # Elementary: Practical Geometry, Model Drawing, Figure from the Flat, Linear Perspective Free-hand Drawing and Shading, and Elementary Colour; # Advanced: Drawing the figure from Casts, Painting: Ornament, Flowers, Landscape, Still Life; # Special or Technical: Design, Architectural and Mechanical Drawing, Artistic Anatomy, Modelling.〔'Lincoln School of Art and Design', ''Lincolnshire Chronicles'', 23 January 1863〕 As a result of the School's success in its first year, new premises were sought for and acquired above the National School for Boys' on the south side of Silver Street.〔Hill, Sir Francis. ''Victorian Lincoln'', (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1974), p. 278〕〔Hooten, C. W.. 'Education in Lincoln', pp. 86-96, in ''Lincoln, Nineteen Hundred & Thirty Six'', (The Greg Publishing Company Limited, London, 1936), p. 96〕 This new school room was opened 10 October 1864, and was of a size to allow its use as an exhibition space.〔'The Lincoln School of Art', ''The Illustrated London News'', 26 November 1864〕 A public exhibit was held in November of that year and proved so popular that the floor had to be re-enforced.〔Hill, Sir Francis. ''Victorian Lincoln'', (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1974), p. n.278〕 With the growth of engineering in Lincoln, there was a need for draughtsmen to produce accurate drawings of machine and engineering parts, and to illustrate catalogues, and so the School offered courses on draughtsmanship.〔Wright, M.. 'The Life and Times of John Somerville Gibney: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requisites for the degree of Master of Philosophy at De Montfort University', (De Montfort University, Leicester, 2004), p. 231〕 The Rev. Gibney himself became a student by studying the skill of engraving on to copper. He produced his own publication, 'Etchings of Lincoln Cathedral' (1870), using this method.〔Wright, M.. 'The Life and Times of John Somerville Gibney: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requisites for the degree of Master of Philosophy at De Montfort University', (De Montfort University, Leicester, 2004), p. 231〕 By 1868 and 1869, the School was ranked in 6th place by the Department of Science and Art, after schools such as Edinburgh and Nottingham.〔'Lincoln School of Art', ''Lincoln, Rutland & Stamford Mercury'', 14 August 1868〕〔'Lincoln School of Art', ''Lincoln, Rutland & Stamford Mercury'', 20 October 1869〕 By 1873 there were some 130 schools of art in Britain, and Lincoln was rated in 9th place.〔'Lincoln School of Art', ''Lincoln, Rutland & Stamford Mercury'', 19 December 1873〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lincoln School of Art」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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